The insurance group reality
Insurance is the single biggest first-car cost. A 17-year-old in Manchester paying ~£1,800/year on a group 4 car will pay ~£3,200 on a group 9 car. That £1,400 difference buys a lot of fuel.
Stick to groups 1-7. Every car below is in that range.
Get the insurance quote BEFORE you put a deposit down. Same model, different reg = sometimes £300 difference in premium.
The picks under £3,000
Hyundai i10 (2011-2014) — Insurance group 1. ~£2.5-£3k buys a good one. Slow but reliable.
Citroen C1 / Peugeot 107 / Toyota Aygo (2009-2014) — Same car, three badges. Insurance group 2-4. £2-£3k. Toyota Aygo is the most reliable badge.
Kia Picanto (2011-2015) — Insurance group 3. £2.5-£3.5k. Some still under the 7-year warranty.
Skoda Citigo / VW Up / Seat Mii (2012-2017) — Same car, three badges. Insurance group 1-4. £3-£4k for a tidy one.
The picks £3,000 - £5,000
Ford Fiesta 1.25 (2011-2017) — Insurance group 4-5. £3.5-£5k. UK's most popular first car. Cheap parts, easy to fix, drives well.
Vauxhall Corsa 1.2 (2014-2017) — Insurance group 5-6. £3.5-£4.5k. Parts everywhere. Bit duller than the Fiesta but works.
Hyundai i10 / i20 (2014-2017) — Group 3-5. £3.5-£5k. Toyota-grade reliability without the Toyota price.
Mazda 2 (2011-2014) — Group 5-6. £3-£4.5k. Underrated. Drives nicely, well-built.
What to check on a £5k first car
MOT history at gov.uk/check-mot-history — free, takes 30 seconds. Any 'major' fail or repeated 'corrosion' advisories = walk away.
Cambelt — should have been done by 60-80k miles. Ask 'when was the cambelt done?'. If they say 'what's a cambelt?' walk away — it'll be £400-£600 soon.
Insurance quote on the exact reg — before you commit.
Bring a parent or experienced friend — not for the negotiation, for the inspection.
Avoid private sellers if it's your first ever purchase — dealer warranty is worth the £200-£500 premium. See private vs dealer.
What to absolutely avoid
Anything modified. Lowered suspension, aftermarket exhaust, body kit = previous owner thrashed it.
Anything Cat C / Cat S / Cat N write-off. Insurance will be tricky and resale will be brutal.
1.6+ petrol cars. Insurance jumps to groups 10+. Stick to 1.0-1.4.
Older diesels (pre-2014 Euro 5). ULEZ charges and DPF nightmares.
Anything 'just back from the dealer with a full service' with no paperwork. Common dealer line, often nothing has actually been done.